Elderberry supplements gain popularity—but do they really help against COVID-19?

During the COVID-19 pandemic, many have turned to elderberry supplements to support their immune systems. These products, made from the black elder tree, come in forms like gummies, capsules, and syrups. However, health authorities have issued clear guidance on their use. Elderberry supplements have long been used in complementary medicine. They are often promoted to boost immunity and ease symptoms of colds or flu. Some studies suggest elderberries contain antioxidants that may reduce inflammation and have antiviral effects.

Despite these potential benefits, no research has proven elderberry effective against COVID-19. The CDC and NIH do not recommend it for treating or preventing the virus. In fact, raw elderberries and other parts of the plant can cause serious side effects, including nausea, vomiting, and low blood sugar.

Certain groups should avoid elderberry supplements altogether. These include people with diabetes, as well as those who are pregnant or breastfeeding. There are also concerns that elderberry may trigger cytokine storms, a dangerous overreaction of the immune system. Health officials warn against using it as a substitute for vaccinations or medical treatment. There is currently no evidence that elderberry supplements can treat or prevent COVID-19. Health authorities advise caution, especially for vulnerable groups. They also stress that supplements should never replace proven medical measures.