New Zealand's ultra-processed food crisis deepens as imports surge 150% since 1990

Ultra-processed foods (UPFs) now make up nearly a quarter of New Zealand's food and drink imports. This marks a sharp rise from just 9% in 1990. Health experts warn that high UPF consumption is linked to serious illnesses and early death, while also harming the environment through excessive packaging and resource use.

UPFs first appeared globally around 70 years ago, originally designed as military rations. Over time, they spread to consumer markets, including New Zealand. These products are typically made from cheap, chemically altered ingredients, mixed with additives to enhance taste and appearance. Common examples include soft drinks, crisps, sugary snacks, and ready meals.

By 2023, New Zealand imported almost 21 kilograms of industrial sugar sweeteners per person. This surge has coincided with rising obesity rates and diet-related health problems. Studies suggest that around half of the country's energy intake now comes from UPFs, though no national nutrition survey has been conducted since 2008. The impact is severe: 18% of premature deaths and disabilities in New Zealand are tied to poor diets and excess weight, both heavily influenced by UPF consumption. These foods also contribute to environmental damage, relying on plastic packaging and high water and energy use during production. Other nations have taken action. The UK, Mexico, and South Africa introduced sugar taxes on sugary drinks, which successfully cut consumption. The World Health Organization supports such measures, noting their effectiveness, particularly among young people and low-income groups.

New Zealand faces growing health and environmental challenges due to the rise of UPFs. With 70% of packaged supermarket foods now classified as ultra-processed, calls for policy changes—like sugar taxes—are likely to increase. Without intervention, the health and ecological costs of these products will continue to climb.